Because of the anfractuous terrain of the Experimental Forest, where has a huge space and undulant mountains, and a wide elevational gradient of about 3,700m between the lowest and highest point, the climate is diverse and forms sub-tropical, warm-temperate, cool-temperate, cold-temperate, and frigid climatic zones with increasing altitude. There are six meteorological stations for meteorology observation including Jhushan, Sitou, Cingshueigou, Shueili, Neimaopu and Heshe stations.

Rainfall is an important factor for forest management and flood control.The transect design of forest drainage engineering and wild valley renovation should depend on long-term climatic data for runoff estimation. There has been one weir setup in the Sitou watershed for the runoff observation experiment since 1987. The rainfall patterns in the Experimental Forest mainly include:: rain caused by typhoons, intermittent drizzles, heat thunderstorm and fronts, in which theformer three kinds mainly occur from May to September, the rainy season of the Experimental Forest. The rainfall during this rainy season accounts more than 76% of the whole year, particularly the rainfall caused by typhoon or tropical depression is tremendous.

Based on the meteorological records of past years, the annual average temperature ranges between 4 and 23℃. In general, the minimum temperature occurs in January and February while maximum temperature in July and August. The annual average rainfall in the Experimental Forest is bout 2,500 mm. Two kinds of seasons, i.e. dry season (October~next April) and rainy season (May~September) are obvious in the areas.